καθαιρέω

καθαιρ-έω, [dialect] Ion. [pref] κατ-, [dialect] Aeol. [full] κατάγρημι, q.v.: [tense] fut.

A

-ήσω Il.11.453

, etc.: [tense] fut. 2

καθελῶ APl.4.334

(Antiphil.): [tense] aor.2 καθεῖλον, inf. καθελεῖν: [tense] aor. 1

καθεῖλα LXX 3 Ki.19.14

: [dialect] Ion. [tense] pf. part. [voice] Pass.

καταραιρημένος Hdt.2.172

:—take down,

καθείλομεν ἱστία Od. 9.149

;

κὰδ δ' ἀπὸ πασσαλόφι ζυγὸν ᾕρεον Il.24.268

; κ. ἄχθος take it down, i.e. off one's shoulders, Ar.Ra.10;

κ. τὸ σημεῖον And.1.36

; κ. τῶν ἐκ τῆς στοᾶς ὅπλων some of them, X.HG5.4.8;

κ. εἰκόνα ἐξ ἀκροπόλεως Lycurg.117

; κ. τινά, from the cross, Plb.1.86.6, Ph.2.529:—[voice] Med., κατελέσθαι τὰ τόξα take down one's bow, Hdt.3.78;

τοὺς ἱστούς Plb.1.61.1

.

2 put down, close the eyes of the dead,

ὄσσε καθαιρήσουσι θανόντι περ Il.11.453

;

ὀφθαλμοὺς καθελοῦσα Od.24.296

;

χερσὶ κατ' ὀφθαλμοὺς ἑλέειν 11.426

.

3 of sorcerers, bring down from the sky,

σελήνην Ar.Nu.750

, Pl.Grg.513a.

4 κατά με πέδον γᾶς ἕλοι may earth swallow me! E.Supp.829 (lyr.).

II put down by force, destroy,

ὅτε κέν μιν μοῖρ' ὀλοὴ καθέλῃσι Od.2.100

, 19.145, cf. 3.238, etc.;

μὴ καθέλοι μιν αἰών Pi.O.9.60

;

φῶτ' ἄδικον καθαιρεῖ A.Ag. 398

(lyr.);

μοῖρα τὸν φύσαντα καθεῖλε S.Aj.517

, cf. E.El.878(lyr.), etc.; kill, slay, ταῦρον ib.1143, cf. Stesich.23, S.Tr.1063, Fr.205; ἐάν τις ἀποκτείνῃ . . ἐν ὁδῷ καθελών Lexap.D.23.53:—[voice] Pass., of criminals, to be executed, Plu.Them.22.

2 put down, reduce,

κ. Κῦρον καὶ τὴν Περσέων δύναμιν Hdt.1.71

, etc.; καθαιρεθῆναι, opp. ἀρθῆναι, D.2.8; esp. depose, dethrone, Hdt.1.124, etc.; κ. τὸ λῃστικὸν ἐκ τῆς θαλάσσης remove it utterly from . . , Th.1.4, cf. POxy.1408.23 (iii A.D.);

κ. ὕβριν τινός Hdt.9.27

, LXXZa.9.6;

ὄλβον S.Fr.646.4

; ὑπερηφάνους Aristeas 263:—[voice] Pass., καθῃρημένος τὴν αἴσθησιν bereft of sense, Plu.Per.38; καθαιρεῖσθαι τῆς μεγαλειότητος [Ἀρτέμιδος] Act.Ap.19.27.

3 raze to the ground, demolish,

πόλεις Th.1.58

, al., LXXIs.14.17;

τείχη Pl. Mx.244c

; τῶν τειχῶν a part of the walls, X.HG4.4.13:—[voice] Pass., Th. 5.39, etc.;

καθῃρέθη . . Οἰχαλία δορί S.Tr.478

.

4 cancel, rescind,

τὸ Μεγαρέων ψήφισμα Th.1.140

, cf. 139, Plu.Per.29;

ἔργον κ. λόγῳ Philem.140

.

5 as law-term, condemn, ἡ καθαιροῦσα ψῆφος a verdict of guilty, Lys.13.37: c. inf.,

ἐμὲ πάλος καθαιρεῖ . . λαβεῖν S. Ant.275

; so prob.

κατά με . . Ἀΐδας ἕλοι πατρὶ ξυνθανεῖν Id.OC1689

(lyr.), cf. E.Or.862; simply, decide,

ὅ τι ἂν αἱ πλείους ψῆφοι καθαιρῶσι D.H.7.36

, 39; in book-keeping, ἃν καθαιρῶσιν αἱ ψῆφοι whatever the counters (or accounts) prove, prob. in D.18.227.

6 reduce,

τῶν αὐξανομένων καὶ καθαιρουμένων γραμμῶν Arist.Ph.237b9

;

τοῦ ἀποστήματος πεφυκότος ἐπὶ πολὺ καθαιρεῖν τὰ μεγέθη Phld.Sign.9

; of mild caustics, τὰ ὑπερσαρκέοντα καθαιρεῖ (prob. for καθαίρει) Hp.Ulc.14, cf. Gal.11.756;

τὸ σῶμα κ. διαίταις Plu.Ant.53

: Rhet., minimize, Arist.Rh.1376a34.

III overpower, seize,

κὰδ δέ μιν ὕπνος ᾕρει Od. 9.372

; κ. τινά overtake, X.Cyr.4.3.16; κ. τινὰ ἐν ἀφροσύνῃ catch in the act of folly, S.Ant.383 (anap.): c. gen. partis, κ. τῶν ὤτων seize by . . , Theoc.5.133:—[voice] Pass.,

κ. ὑπό τινος Hdt.6.29

.

IV fetch down as a reward or prize,

καθαιρεῖν ἀγῶνας Plu.Pomp.8

: metaph., achieve,

ἀγώνιον . . εὖχος ἔργῳ καθελών Pi.O.10(11).63

: [tense] fut. inf. καθαρεῖν, παστόν, μίτραν, Epigr. in Berl.Sitzb.1894.908 (Asia Minor):—[voice] Med.,

φόνῳ καθαιρεῖσθ', οὐ λόγῳ, τὰ πράγματα E.Supp.749

:—[voice] Pass., Hdt.7.50.

V less freq. like the simple αἱρεῖν, take and carry off, Id.6.41, cf.5.36 ([voice] Pass.). Cf. καθαίρω.